BOILER FEED PUMP FOR POWER PLANT OPERATION

1. Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Diagram
2. Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Download
3. Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Instructions
4. Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Pdf
5. Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manually

We can say it is a heart of boiler. Boiler feed pump take the suction from the deaerator and send the Water to the boiler in starting of the boiler light up we take the boiler feed pump into manual mode after starting boiler steam generation we take the boiler feed pump into single element double element 3 element according to Desire operation mode. Travelling Grate Boilers is operated through burning of mustered husk and paddy straw and provides for superior combustion efficiency. Providing for high operation reliability, these also ensure low down time as well as comparatively less fouling and sagging possibilities. Operating procedure, practice, etc. Which if not followed could result in severe burns, bodily harm, loss of life and property damage. Critical situation or operation of unit that may cause death. General Safety Statements:. Thoroughly read and understand all instructions. Always leave this manual with the owner of the boiler.

Today we discuss about the Boiler feed pump it’s a very critical component each and every power plant industry . We can say it is a heart of boiler. Boiler feed pump take the suction from the deaerator and send the Water to the boiler in starting of the boiler light up we take the boiler feed pump into manual mode after starting boiler steam generation we take the boiler feed pump into single element double element 3 element according to Desire operation mode

This pump has to pump Feed water into boiler drum against Boiler drum pressure . So delivery pressure of the pump is higher than boiler drum pressure. Normally I feed pump is a multistage pump driven by electrical motor or Turbine. Enlarge boiler where steam generation capacity is higher than so that no Feed water is required to be supplied in this case Turbo feed pump is preferred also Turbo feed pump is having another merit during non availability of power turbo feed pump can pump feed water into boiler, utilizing steam of the boiler .so starvation can be avoided. In every power plant industry Boiler has 1 running Boiler feed pump and another into standby if one running pump is failure then another boiler feed pump started in auto mode .

If boiler feed pump is not started and no water goes into the boiler due to starvation over heating of tubes take place and it may be deformed, ruptured or explosion may take place . So in case of boiler feed pump are not available, boiler is to be stopped immediately.suction line of the boiler feed pump is connected to deaerator storage tank through an isolation valve and a strainer. The strainer restricted entry of foreign materials into the pump. To monitor the chocking condition of strainer, differential pressure across the strainer is measured. If differential pressure is more it indicates the strainer get chocked. Two mechanical seal are provided to both end of the boiler feed pump for avoid the leakage.

These mechanical seal are cooked with the help of external cooling water , directly or indirectly. As boiler feed pump pumps hot deaerator water, so it’s shaft also becomes hot . Cooling water is required to cool bearing of the pump. The discharge line of the pump has a pneumatic or motor operated control valve. A non return valve ( NRV ) is provided to restrict back flow of feed water. When there is no pressure in the discharge line, the pump is started with valve in closed position.

A disc is fitted to discharge end of the shaft of the pump which is acted on by discharge pressure of water to counter act axial force of the impeller. This is called balance disc. Also the feed pump is having a minimum circulation line . This minimum circulation ensure minimum discharge of liquid during closing of discharge valve. This line is also connected to back to the deaerator. Minimum re circulation is done through automatically re-circulation valve (ARC ).For trouble free , reliable operation of the feed pump, pump vibration, bearing temperature, pump casing temperature and pressure checked regularly.

FOLLOWING STEPS MAY BE FOLLOWED DURING STARTING OF THE PUMP.

*Ensure power is available to the feed pump.
*Check availability of cooling water for gland cooling and bearing cooling.
*Ensure the suction valve is in open condition and discharge valve is in closed position.
*Keep balancing line and minimum circulation line valve in open condition.
*Check suction pressure of the pump.
*Check the bearing lubrication oil is normal.
*Start the pump and check the any abnormal sounds and vibration.
*Check the bearing temperature and casing temperature of the pump
*If everything found is in normal condition open discharge valve slowly.
*After discharge valve is fully opened start taking feed water into boiler.
*Put the stand by pump in hot stand by.

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Info

Publication number

US2894465A

US2894465AUS590328AUS59032856AUS2894465AUS 2894465 AUS2894465 AUS 2894465AUS 590328 AUS590328 AUS 590328AUS 59032856 AUS59032856 AUS 59032856AUS 2894465 AUS2894465 AUS 2894465A

Authority

US

United States

Prior art keywords

travelling grate

bituminous coals

Carrington B Phillips

Original Assignee

Application filed by Carrington B PhillipsfiledPriority to US590328ApriorityApplication grantedgrantedPublication of US2894465Apublication

Critical

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F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES

F23H11/00—Travelling-grates

'1 Claim. or. 110-69) The present invention relates to methods and furnaces for burning coking and/or caking bituminous coals on travelling grate stokers. Most bituminous coals coke or cake at least slightly and many are strongly coking and/ or caking, and their burning on travelling grate stokers ranges accordingly from troublesome to completely impractical.

- When reference is made herein to travelling grate stokers it is intended to refer to stokers of the character which progress a thin fuel bed forward while maintaining the fuel bed quiescent. These are known variously as chain grate, travelling grate, oscillating grate, vibrating grate or moving grate stokers.

The purpose of the invention is to permit efficient and trouble-free burning of coking and/or caking coals on travelling grate stokers by preoxidizing the surface of the coal particles before combustion starts.

In the drawings I have chosen to illustrate one only of the numerous embodiments in which my invention may appear, selecting the form shown from the standpoints of convenience in illustration, satisfactory operation and clear demonstration of the principles involved.

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of a travelling grate furnace in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a section of Figure 1 on the line 22.

Describing in illustration but not in limitation and referring to the drawings.

Travelling grate stokers are, in many ways, superior to other types of stokers but must have a uniformly burning fuel bed. When coal cokes or cakes on travelling grate stokers, the resistance to the flow of combustion air through the fuel bed becomes irregular, the combustion is inefiicient and the grates overheat because they are not protected by a uniform and compact bed of ash. Nevertheless travelling grate stokers are very desirable as they avoid all of the following difficulties, one or more of which are encountered in other stokers:

(a) Fly ash which requires expensive collectors and which results in operation complications.

() Troublesome clinkers.

((1) Not readily adaptable to automatic operation.

(e) Not readily adaptable to low-cost, shop-assembled boiler units.

(g) Not suitable for many of the smaller sizes of boiler units.

The present invention obtains a uniformly burning fuel bed on travelling grate stokers with coking and/ or caking coals by preoxidizing the surface of the coal particles before furnace heat causes sticking together of the coal particles and after the coal bed has become quiescent.

It has been demonstrated that when preoxidizing air is passed through coal at a temperature of 200 to 500 degrees F. and the coal, therefore, is undisturbed before burning, all coking or caking will be eliminated.

It has also been demonstrated that preoxidizing of coal will not eliminate its coking or caking during combustion, if the coal is disturbed after preoxidizing and before com bustion.

Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Diagram

The present invention provides. an arrangement for travelling grate stokers whereby preoxidation can take place within the limitations described in the preceding two paragraphs.

The invention provides, in connection with travelling grate stokers, a separate fan connected to a compartment or zone, for preoxidizing air at a temperature of 200 to 500 degrees F., preferably between 200. and 400 degrees F., immediately behind the stoker hopper and gate and extending under and across the entire width of the grate and by providing an arch or other construction to shield the preoxidizing zone from the furnace heat.

In accordance with the invention coal 20, which may be coking and/ or caking bituminous coal in slack or plus mesh sizes, is fed from a hopper 21 under a gate 22 to establish a coal bed 23. on a. travelling grate 24 progressing in the direction. of the arrow into the combustion chamber of a coal furnace. The coal bed as well known in the art will have a thickness of the order of 3 to 6 inches.

Immediately beyond the gate 22 the travelling grate carries the fuel bed above an air chamber 25' extending from side to side under the travelling grate, which receives air for preoxidation preheated in any suitable way to a temperature of 200 to 500 degrees F., preferably 200 to 400 degrees F. It will be understood that any desired preheating means can be used, whether a separate preheater, heated by furnace gas or by a separate source of heat, or a combined preheater and blower, as well known. 1 illustrate in Figure 2 a blower 26 supplying preheated air to the chamber 25. This may, if desired, be a preheating blower, a diagrammatic illustration of a preheater being shown at 26'.

The air passes up through the fuel bed at 27, encountering the fuel bed before the coal becomes plastic and has a tendency to stick together and while the coal particles are entirely separate and are thus all exposed to this air. To protect against too rapid heating of the fuel bed where preoxidizing is occurring, immediately beyond the gate 22 I provide a furnace wall or arch 28 whose lower side 30 hangs above the fuel bed and forms a protecting or shading arch. The arch is so close to the top of the fuel bed that there is only room for excess preoxidizing air to flow between it and the fuel bed. The lower side 30 desirably slopes upwardly gradually toward the furnace at an angle of 5 to 10 degrees to the horizontal.

The nose of the arch conveniently has a radius at 31.

In the preferred form of the invention the lower side of the shielding arch will be between 2 and 6 inches above the top of the fuel bed for a distance of 15 to 30 inches longitudinally of the stoker.

The excess preoxidizing air is deflected by the lower side of the arch at 32 to make it flow into the combustion chamber and mix with the furnace gases.

It will be understood that at a position beyond the preoxidizing zone the fuel bed receives the main combustion air which passes suitably upwardly at 33 under the action of a blower or the draft from a chimney, as well known.

In accordance with the invention therefore it is possi' ble to burn coking and/or caking bituminous coals on a travelling grate in any desired coal size without additional precautions, as long as the preoxidizing is carried out as here described. Thus all of the advantages inherent in travelling grate stokers are made available in the case of coking and/or caking bituminous coals. For example, the more laborless operation of the stoker is made possible Fly ash is not produced and fly ash collectors are not-required. Greater simplicity in operation results. The devices of the invention are adaptable for small boiler units and for package units.

Itwill be evident of course that the device of the invention is not limited to coking and/ or caking bituminous coals but can be used interchangeably where required for burning free-burning bituminous coals and also for burning lignite and sub-bituminous coals.

' In view of my invention and disclosure variations and modifications to meet individual whim or particular need will doubtless become evident to others skilled in the art, to obtainall or part of the benefits of my invention without copying the method and apparatus shown, and I, therefore, claim all such insofar as they fall within the reasonable spirit and scope ofmy claim.

Havingthus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a furnace for burning coking and/or caking bituminous coals, a travelling grate adapted to transport a fuel bed in quiescent condition, a hopper supplying coal to the grate, means for preheating air to a temperature between 200 and 500 degrees F., means for introducing the preheated air beneath the travelling grate to pass through the fuel bed immediately after the fuel bed is fed from the hopper and before the fuel bed enters distillation and combustion zones of the furnace,

an arch extending over the fuel bed for a length of from 15 to inches longitudinally of the travelling grate and located between 2 and 6 inches above the top of the fuel bed, said arch extending above the position at which the preheated air is introduced, the lower side of said arch sloping upwardly toward the furnace at an angle of 5 to 10 degrees, said arch shielding the fuel bed from the intense furnace heat, whereby the fuel bed derives all of its heat immediately after it leaves the hopper from the preheated air and is preoxidized so that it will not coke or cake in distillation and combustion zones which follow, and any excess of preoxidizing air will flow into and mix with the furnace gases.

Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Download

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,450,127 Witz Mar. 27, 1923 1,834,261 Webster Dec. 1, 1931 1,839,741 Davies Jan. 5,1932

2,005,264 McNamara June 18, 1935 FOREIGN PATENTS 302,471 Great Britain Dec. 20, 1928 OTHER REFERENCES Fuels and Their Combustion, by Haslam and Russell, pages 422 to 424, 1926 edition.

US590328A1956-06-081956-06-08Travelling grate combustion of coking and caking bituminous coals Expired - LifetimeUS2894465A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
US590328AUS2894465A (en)	1956-06-08	1956-06-08	Travelling grate combustion of coking and caking bituminous coals

Publications (1)

Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manual Instructions

ID=24361808

Family Applications (1)

Publication Number	Publication Date

Country Status (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date

Country	Link
US3289617A (en) *	1963-08-12	1966-12-06	Illinois Stoker Co	Refuse disposal
US5239935A (en) *	1991-11-19	1993-08-31	Detroit Stoker Company	Oscillating damper and air-swept distributor

Citations (5)

1956

• Patent Citations (5)

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US1839741A (en) *	1922-08-16	1932-01-05	Jr Caleb Davies	Fuel utilization

Travelling Grate Boiler Operation Manually

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